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- consider splitting this article on two parts
- Demographics
- WWII losses
- border shifts in the west and the east
- Post-war migrations: camps, lagers, DPs, POWs, Polish Army in the West
- Jews: return after 1945, then 1956, 1968, 1980's
- expulsion of Germans and "Germans"
- Ukrainians, Ruthenians, Poles: Akcja Wisła
- Lithuanians
- monolitic state
- emigration of Poles: 1956, 1968, 1975, 1980, 1981...
- return of Polonia in late 1980's
- Economy
- Assess WWII losses
- initial reconstruction by private owners (Warsaw being a good example)
- nationalisation and expropriation
- land reform
- private-owned land versus kolkhoz system
- Heavy Industry
- COMECON
- Production of daily-usage goods versus steel and arms (furniture as an example).
- Bierut and the quasi-communism
- Gomułka and the socialist Mercantilism (tobacco production as an example)
- Gierek as a class of his own (Gierek's paradise with meblościanka and Polski Fiat 126p)
- 1970's crash
- 1980's and the even greater crisis
- ?
