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Autopia

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This article is about the attraction at Disney theme parks. For the Doctor Who comic, see Autopia (Doctor Who comic). For the micronation project, see Saya de Malha Bank.

Autopia
Disneyland's Autopia
Disneyland
AreaTomorrowland
Coordinates33°48′45″N 117°54′59″W / 33.8125°N 117.9164°W / 33.8125; -117.9164
StatusOperating
Opening dateJuly 17, 1955
Lightning Lane available
Magic Kingdom
NameTomorrowland Speedway
AreaTomorrowland
Coordinates28°25′10″N 81°34′45″W / 28.4194°N 81.5792°W / 28.4194; -81.5792
StatusOperating
Opening dateOctober 1, 1971; 53 years ago (October 1, 1971)
Lightning Lane available
Tokyo Disneyland
NameGrand Circuit Raceway
AreaTomorrowland
Coordinates35°37′53″N 139°52′44″E / 35.6314°N 139.8788°E / 35.6314; 139.8788
StatusRemoved
Opening dateApril 15, 1983
Closing dateJanuary 11, 2017
Replaced byEnchanted Tale of Beauty and the Beast
(Fantasyland)
Disneyland Park (Paris)
AreaDiscoveryland
Coordinates48°52′22″N 2°46′46″E / 48.8729°N 2.7794°E / 48.8729; 2.7794
StatusOperating
Opening dateApril 12, 1992
Hong Kong Disneyland
AreaTomorrowland
Coordinates22°18′53″N 114°02′31″E / 22.3147°N 114.0419°E / 22.3147; 114.0419
StatusRemoved
Opening dateJuly 13, 2006
Closing dateJune 11, 2016
Replaced bySpider-Man Attraction
Ride statistics
Attraction typeRace track
ManufacturerArrow Development
DesignerWalt Disney Imagineering
Length782 m (2,566 ft)
Vehicle typeRace cars
Riders per vehicle2
Duration5:10 minutes
Height restriction32 in (81 cm)
Must transfer from wheelchair

Autopia is a race car track attraction at various Disney theme parks, in which patrons steer specially designed cars through an enclosed track. Versions of Autopia exist at Disneyland at Anaheim, California and Disneyland Paris in Marne-la-Vallée, France. There was also an Autopia at Hong Kong Disneyland on Lantau Island, Hong Kong before it closed on June 11, 2016. Other versions of the attraction can be found at the Magic Kingdom as the Tomorrowland Speedway and formerly at Tokyo Disneyland as the Grand Circuit Raceway. A previous generation of Disneyland's Autopia operated for over a decade at the Walt Disney Hometown Museum in Marceline, Missouri; one of the retired cars is now on display.

The name Autopia is a portmanteau of the words "automobile utopia." The term was later popularized in academic circles by British architecture critic Reyner Banham to describe Los Angeles in his 1971 book Los Angeles: The Architecture of Four Ecologies.[not verified in body]

Disneyland Autopia

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Autopia in 1996, before its complete remodel in 2000. The Autopia cars at this time closely resembled the Corvette Stingray.
A 1967-era Corvette Stingray-style Autopia car on display in the Disneyland Hotel.
An overhead view, looking down at an Autopia car in 2003.

The Disneyland Autopia, in one form or another, is one of the few current attractions that opened with the park on July 17, 1955. When it opened, it represented the future of what would become America's multilane limited-access highways, which were still being developed. President Eisenhower had yet to sign the Interstate Highway legislation at the time Disneyland opened.

Drivers can use the steering wheel along the track but the center rail will guide the cars along the track regardless of steering input. Drivers/children too short to depress the gas pedal are paired with taller individuals who can. Brakes are applied automatically when the driver releases the gas pedal.

The original Disneyland Autopia cars used a Gladden Products Corp. 4-stroke, single-cylinder 318 cc motor rated at 7.5 bhp at 3400 rpm. The cars were constructed with fiberglass bodies on a 64-inch wheelbase. The 475 Ib cars were limited to a top speed of 11 mph.[1]

Prior to 2008, the Disneyland Autopia cars were powered by 286 cc (17.5 cu in) two-stroke gasoline motors from Kawasaki. After Honda agreed to sponsor the ride, by 2008 cars were re-engined with the 270 cc (16 cu in) Honda iGX270, a four-stroke gasoline engine which was quieter and produced fewer emissions.[2]

Disney announced in April 2024 that the cars will be re-powered with fully electric drivetrains by Fall 2026.[3]

History

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Before the park opened, the cars were tested without the bumpers, and were almost completely destroyed by the test drivers. Bumpers were fitted around the vehicle, but there were still problems with collisions, as a guide rail had yet to be implemented on the ride. Eventually the vehicles were fitted with spring-loaded bumpers to discourage collisions.

The first fleet of Autopia cars were dubbed "Mark I". Throughout Disneyland's first few years, Autopia went through a few fleets, as the cars took much abuse. Though basically the same look, they went through Mark I, II, III, and IV by 1958. When the Monorail, Submarine Voyage, and Matterhorn debuted in 1959, so did a new fleet with an all-new look – the "Mark Vs". The next design, Mark VI, came in 1964. It was at this time (1965) the center guide rail was first installed.[4] 1967 brought another new design, the Mark VIIs, which cost $5,000 for each car and looked similar to the new Corvette Stingray.[4] They would remain in service through 1999, till a breed of Mark VIIIs would hit the Autopia roadway. The cars were manufactured by Intermountain Design, Utah.[5]

The Tomorrowland version was not the only form of Autopia to exist at Disneyland. Other versions, separate from the Tomorrowland version, included the Midget Autopia, Fantasyland Autopia (Rescue Rangers Raceway), and Junior Autopia. Of these, the Tomorrowland Autopia existed the longest.

The Midget Autopia opened in 1957 and was manufactured by Arrow Development.[6] It was the smallest and was the third Autopia track, after the Tomorrowland Autopia (1955) and the Junior Autopia in Fantasyland (1956). It was located next to the Storybook Land Canal Boats and the Motor Boat Cruise at the very edge of Fantasyland. Adults were not allowed on the ride.[4] It was closed in 1966 and dismantled to make way for It's a Small World.

The ride was then donated to the city of Marceline, Missouri, where it operated in the Walt Disney Municipal Park for 11 years until parts were no longer available for the cars. One of the cars is on display in the museum whereas the concrete track on which the cars ran was ultimately demolished in 2016 to facilitate replacement of the city pool. In 2015, the Walt Disney Hometown Museum made plans to recreate the ride next to the museum in downtown Marceline, launching a Kickstarter campaign to finance the project. The project attracted a fraction of the $500,000 required to reconstruct the vehicles and track.[7][8]

Unlike all other Autopia attractions, Midget Autopia was one of several of Arrow Development's "off-the-shelf" Arrowflite Tracked Auto Rides built at several amusement parks throughout the country, at least one of which still operates at Idlewild Park in Pennsylvania.[9]

The Fantasyland Autopia began as the Junior Autopia in 1956. Unlike the original Autopia, the Junior Autopia track had a center guard rail.[4] It closed in 1958, and reopened on January 1, 1959, as the expanded Fantasyland Autopia. It was a duplicate version of the Tomorrowland Autopia and featured the same theme of the original until March 1991, when part of the Disney's Afternoon Avenue makeover of Fantasyland, the ride was transformed into the Rescue Rangers Raceway. The theming was kept until the beginning of 1992, when the promotion ended. The ride remained open on an interim basis until September 7, 1999, when both the Tomorrowland and Fantasyland Autopias were closed.[citation needed]

Disneyland Autopia’s original sponsor from 1955 until 1970 was Richfield Oil.[10]

In 2000, Disneyland replaced both existing Autopia tracks with a new, much larger Autopia sponsored by Chevron. The colorful Chevrolet Corvette Stingray-style cars were replaced by three different kinds of cars: Dusty, an off-road style car; Sparky, a sports car; and Suzy, a Volkswagen Beetle-style car. Each was designed to be tied into the Chevron line of animated 'Chevron Cars', and four versions of the Autopia cars were sold as toys during the 2000 summer season at Chevron stations nationwide. The queue featured animated dioramas featuring the Chevron Cars, and the ride's background music is taken directly from the park's former PeopleMover attraction, which had closed five years prior to the new Autopia's opening. The voice of Dusty the Autopia car is voiced by Matthew Howard, who is said to be (as of 2004) the youngest Disney ride announcer. In response to several minor incidents, the ride safety spiel was re-recorded in 2004 in order to remind parents to watch their children.[11] New for the track was a short "off-road" section.[4] Chevron's sponsorship ended in the summer of 2012, though the Chevron Cars still appeared in the attraction's preshow until Honda took over sponsorship, with all overt references to Chevron removed.[12]

On January 11, 2016, the attraction closed for a new building, walkway (now painted blue, white, and silver), sign, vehicle paint schemes, minor vehicle modifications, and sponsor. The attraction reopened on April 29, 2016, with Honda as its new sponsor, replacing Chevron. In early 2017 all remaining Chevron references were all removed from the attraction. On March 24, 2017, Honda revealed ASIMO in the attraction. Asimo is accompanied by Bird and are in various scenes throughout the attraction, most of the scenes replaced the carpark, and various billboards.

Versions in other Disney parks

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Magic Kingdom

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Magic Kingdom's Tomorrowland Speedway

The second Disney theme park to open was Magic Kingdom. An opening day attraction, the Grand Prix Raceway was based on an international car race rather than the futuristic roadways of Autopia. The original sponsor was Goodyear, as it supplied all of the tires on the Mark VII vehicles.

The track length has been the subject of incorrect discussion over the years. Through aerial photography and research it has been determined that the attraction was never lengthened, but shortened 3 times.[13][14] On opening day the track was approximately 3,118 feet. The attraction saw its length greatly reduced for the first time in 1974 for the construction of Space Mountain, with the two southern curves being shortened and the entire north portion of the track being reduced, thus shortening the ride to ~2,760 feet. An even larger section was removed to make room for Mickey's Toontown Fair sometime between late 1987 and early 1988, this time the track was reduced to ~2,191 feet. In 2012 the final curve was again shortened to make way for Dumbo the Flying Elephant diminishing the ride to ~2,119 feet. In the end, the current attraction has lost over 32% of its original length.

In 1994, the Grand Prix theme and name was dropped in favor of Tomorrowland Indy Speedway, but the track and vehicles remained the same, as new theming to coincide with the "New Tomorrowland" overlay was installed. However, The Walt Disney World Explorer application—both the original edition released in 1996 and the Second Edition released in 1998—used the original name for the attraction's slideshow topic in the application.[15][16]

On December 20, 1999, Walt Disney Company and the Indianapolis Motor Speedway partnered to change the theme of the track. The ride was changed to add items from the famous Speedway, such as the famous Yard of Bricks, the Scoring Pylon, Gasoline Alley and the wheel and wing logo. The loading area featured panels with the three Indy events: the Indianapolis 500, the Brickyard 400 and the United States Grand Prix.

The name was changed in 2008 to Tomorrowland Speedway, resulting in the drop of the Indy portion of the title.[17]

In 2019, the ride underwent more track adjustments to accommodate the addition of TRON Lightcycle / Run.[18] The attraction reopened on May 18, 2019.[19]

Tokyo Disneyland

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Tokyo Disneyland's Grand Circuit Raceway

At Tokyo Disneyland, the ride was known as Grand Circuit Raceway. This version of the ride opened with the park in 1983 and remained largely unchanged. The ride was sponsored by Bridgestone and featured a grandstand for visitors to watch the "races" between drivers. The track was described as a "figure eight" shape, but was actually quite longer. A new ride, Aquatopia, opened at neighboring park Tokyo DisneySea in 2001, but other than the name similarity to the Disneyland car ride (it is a homage) Aquatopia is closer (as an attraction) to Disneyland's former Motor Boat Cruise. Tokyo Disneyland's version closed on January 11, 2017, to make way for a Beauty and the Beast themed area.

Disneyland Paris

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In Disneyland Park in Paris, the attraction, which opened with Euro Disneyland on April 12, 1992, uses the original Disneyland name of Autopia, but has a unique sense of style and theming. The cars are more rounded to go with a 1920s retro-futuristic theme.

This is also the only Autopia style attraction to have a storyline. The story was that the guests drove their cars, called "Astrocoupes", around a nearby city to Discoveryland, "Solaria".

In 2012, the "Solaria" prop was removed from the attraction and all Discoveryland logos were removed from the fleet of cars. The original storyline was also removed, turning it into a simple driving track, just like its American and Asian counterparts.

Hong Kong Disneyland

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Hong Kong Disneyland's Autopia

Hong Kong Disneyland was the first Disneyland-style park to not open with a form of the Autopia attraction. Later opened in summer 2006 as part of its phase one expansion, the Hong Kong version was different from the other versions as it featured electric cars with lighting effects and an onboard audio system. Theming included a lush jungle and alien landscapes. Honda was the sponsor of the attraction. Hong Kong Disneyland's Autopia closed on June 11, 2016, which was originally set to be replaced by "Avengers Quinjet Experience". But, at D23 2024 on August 10, it was announced that "Avengers Quinjet Experience" has been cancelled to make way for a new unnamed Spider-Man attraction, a part of "Stark Expo".[20]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Hacker, Geoff (October 13, 2011). "Disneyland's Autopia Ride – A "Fiberfest" Extravaganza!: Road & Track, September 1955". Undiscovered Classics. Archived from the original on August 28, 2024. Retrieved August 28, 2024.
  2. ^ Vaughn, Mark (May 2, 2016). "Disneyland Autopia: We Drive The New Honda-Powered Cars". Autoweek. Retrieved April 20, 2024.
  3. ^ Roth, Sammy (April 19, 2024). "Column: Disneyland just promised electric cars at Autopia. Gas will be gone by 2026". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  4. ^ a b c d e Strodder, Chris (2008). The Disneyland Encyclopedia. California, USA: Santa Monica press. ISBN 978-1-59580-033-6.
  5. ^ (T. R. Shaw) tshaw at oitc.com. "Fun Facts of Disneyland's Autopia". Hiddenmickeys.org. Archived from the original on January 29, 1999. Retrieved October 22, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  6. ^ Gurr, Bob (November 27, 2013). "DESIGN: Those Were The Times – No.23 1955 Arrow Development – Ed Morgan and Karl Bacon". MiceChat. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  7. ^ Reynolds, Christopher (July 31, 2015). "Disneyland's long-lost Midget Autopia may roll again--in Missouri".
  8. ^ Burnes, Brian; Butler, Robert W.; Viets, Dan (2002). Martin, Donna (ed.). Walt Disney's Missouri: The Roots of a Creative Genius (1st ed.). Kansas City, MO: Kansas City Star Books. p. 176. ISBN 978-0-9717080-6-8.
  9. ^ Weiss, Werner (August 15, 2014). "Midget Autopia Mystery". Yesterland. Retrieved August 28, 2014.
  10. ^ Weiss, Werner (November 10, 2017). "Richfield Oil at Disneyland, 1955". Yesterland. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  11. ^ oitc.com, (T. R. Shaw) tshaw at. "Fun Facts of Disneyland's Autopia". www.hiddenmickeys.org. Archived from the original on January 29, 1999.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  12. ^ "California entertainment, Cars Land crowds, Matterhorn climbers +MORE". MiceChat. June 25, 2012. Retrieved June 25, 2012.
  13. ^ "Watch the Speedway shrink over the past 40 years". Retrodisneyworld.com. January 6, 2015. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
  14. ^ Marty Alchin (January 5, 2015). "Tomorrowland Speedway "expansion" — Medium". Medium.com. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
  15. ^ Mindsai Productions; Disney Interactive (1996). The Walt Disney World Explorer (Microsoft Windows, Apple Macintosh) (1.0 ed.). Disney Interactive. Scene: Grand Prix Raceway topic.
  16. ^ WDW Explorer98- Tomorrowland Grand Prix Raceway (YouTube video). WDWExplorer98. January 5, 2012. Archived from the original on December 13, 2021. Retrieved December 5, 2020.
  17. ^ Mongello, Lou (March 26, 2008). "Tomorrowland (Indy) Speedway – Before and After". WDWRadio. Archived from the original on February 10, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  18. ^ Williams, Kevin (November 30, 2018). "Magic Kingdom Rides Closing: Walt Disney World Railroad to Shut Down for a While; Tomorrowland Speedway Is Next". WFTV. Archived from the original on December 1, 2018. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  19. ^ Figueroa, Jessica (May 18, 2019). "PHOTOS, VIDEO: Tomorrowland Speedway Reopens After Lengthy..." Walt Disney World News Today. Retrieved May 18, 2019.
  20. ^ "Hong Kong Disneyland News". Screamscape. August 28, 2024. Archived from the original on August 29, 2024. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
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