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List of prime ministers of Finland

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This is a list of prime ministers of Finland since the establishment of that office in 1917.

History

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In 1918, the Finnish Senate was transformed into the Finnish Government, and the position of vice-chairman of the economic division of the Senate was transformed into the position of prime minister. Kesäranta (in Swedish Villa Bjälbo), located in the Meilahti neighborhood of Helsinki, has been the official residence of the prime minister of Finland since 1919.

Since its independence (declared on 6 December 1917), Finland has had 75 cabinets,[1] including the current one, the longest lasting being the cabinet of Prime Minister Juha Sipilä, lasting 1,469 days.[2]

Before the 1980s, cabinets tended to be short lived; the president was the most important political figure, and he had the right to form a new cabinet whenever he wanted. From the 1980s onwards, cabinets have tended to serve full terms (although the prime minister changed midterm in a few cases, most of the other cabinet members have remained nearly unchanged) and the prime minister has become more powerful a figure than the president. Under the current constitution, the prime minister is chosen by the parliament and only formally appointed by the president.

List of prime ministers

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Finnish cabinets and prime ministers are numbered sequentially. A prime minister can serve as the head of multiple cabinets. For example, Matti Vanhanen is both the 39th and the 40th prime minister.[3]

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office Election Party Cabinet
Coalition
President
(Tenure)
Took office Left office Duration
1 Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
(1861–1944)
27 November
1917
27 May
1918
182 days 1917 Young Finnish 1. Svinhufvud I
SPNSPMLRKP (minority)
None
2 Juho Kusti Paasikivi
(1870–1956)
27 May
1918
27 November
1918
185 days Finnish 2. Paasikivi I
SPNSPMLRKP (minority)
Regent
Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
(1918)
3 Lauri Ingman
(1868–1934)
27 November
1918
17 April
1919
142 days National Coalition 3. Ingman I
KOKEDRKP
Regent
Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
(1918–1919)
4 Kaarlo Castrén
(1860–1938)
17 April
1919
15 August
1919
121 days 1919 National Progressive 4. K. Castrén
MLEDRKP (minority)
Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg
(1919–1925)
5 Juho Vennola
(1872–1938)
15 August
1919
15 March
1920
214 days National Progressive 5. Vennola I
MLED (minority)
6 Rafael Erich
(1879–1946)
15 March
1920
9 April
1921
1 year, 26 days National Coalition 6. Erich
KOKMLEDRKP
(5) Juho Vennola
(1872–1938)
9 April
1921
2 June
1922
1 year, 55 days National Progressive 7. Vennola II
MLED (minority)
7 Aimo Cajander
(1879–1943)
2 June
1922
14 November
1922
166 days 1922 Independent 8. Cajander I
(caretaker)
8 Kyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
14 November
1922
18 January
1924
1 year, 66 days Agrarian 9. Kallio I
MLED (minority)
(7) Aimo Cajander
(1879–1943)
18 January
1924
31 May
1924
135 days Independent 10. Cajander II
(caretaker)
(3) Lauri Ingman
(1868–1934)
31 May
1924
31 March
1925
305 days 1924 National Coalition 11. Ingman II
KOKMLEDRKP
Lauri Kristian Relander
(1925–1931)
9 Antti Tulenheimo
(1879–1952)
31 March
1925
31 December
1925
276 days National Coalition 12. Tulenheimo
KOKML (minority)
(8) Kyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
31 December
1925
13 December
1926
348 days Agrarian 13. Kallio II
MLKOK (minority)
10 Väinö Tanner
(1881–1966)
13 December
1926
17 December
1927
1 year, 5 days Social Democratic 14. Tanner
SDP (minority)
11 Juho Sunila
(1875–1936)
17 December
1927
22 December
1928
1 year, 6 days 1927 Agrarian 15. Sunila I
ML (minority)
12 Oskari Mantere
(1874–1942)
22 December
1928
16 August
1929
238 days National Progressive 16. Mantere
ED (minority)
(8) Kyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
16 August
1929
4 July
1930
323 days 1929 Agrarian 17. Kallio III
ML (minority)
(1) Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
(1861–1944)
4 July
1930
18 February
1931
230 days National Coalition 18. Svinhufvud II
MLKOKEDRKP
1930
Juho Vennola
(1872–1938)
Interim Prime Minister
18 February
1931
21 March
1931
32 days National Progressive Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
(1931–1937)
(11) Juho Sunila
(1875–1936)
21 March
1931
14 December
1932
1 year, 269 days Agrarian 19. Sunila II
MLKOKEDRKP
13 Toivo Mikael Kivimäki
(1886–1968)
14 December
1932
7 October
1936
3 years, 298 days National Progressive 20. Kivimäki
MLEDRKP (minority)
1933
(8) Kyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
7 October
1936
17 February
1937
134 days 1936 Agrarian 21. Kallio IV
MLED (minority)
Rudolf Holsti
(1881–1945)
Interim Prime Minister
17 February
1937
12 March
1937
24 days National Progressive Kyösti Kallio
(1937–1940)
(7) Aimo Cajander
(1879–1943)
12 March
1937
1 December
1939
2 years, 265 days National Progressive 22. Cajander III
SDPMLEDRKP
1939
14 Risto Ryti
(1889–1956)
1 December
1939
19 December
1940
1 year, 19 days National Progressive 23. Ryti I
SDPMLEDRKP
24. Ryti I
SDPMLKOKEDRKP
Rudolf Walden
(1878–1946)
Interim Prime Minister
19 December
1940
4 January
1941
17 days Independent Risto Ryti
(1940–1944)
15 Johan Wilhelm Rangell
(1894–1982)
4 January
1941
5 March
1943
2 years, 61 days National Progressive 25. Rangell
SDPMLKOKRKPEDIKL
16 Edwin Linkomies
(1894–1963)
5 March
1943
8 August
1944
1 year, 157 days National Coalition 26. Linkomies
KOKSDPMLRKPED
Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
(1944–1946)
17 Antti Hackzell
(1881–1946)
8 August
1944
21 September
1944
45 days Independent 27. Hackzell
KOKSDPMLRKPED
18 Urho Castrén
(1886–1965)
21 September
1944
17 November
1944
58 days National Coalition 28. U. Castrén
KOKSDPMLRKPED
(2) Juho Kusti Paasikivi
(1870–1956)
17 November
1944
9 March
1946
1 year, 113 days National Coalition 29. Paasikivi II
SDPSKDLMLKOKRKPED
1945 30. Paasikivi III
SDPSKDLMLEDRKP
Carl Enckell
(1876–1959)
Interim Prime Minister
9 March
1946
26 March
1946
18 days Independent
Juho Kusti Paasikivi
(1946–1956)
19 Mauno Pekkala
(1890–1952)
26 March
1946
29 July
1948
2 years, 126 days SKDL 31. Pekkala
SKDLSDPMLRKP
20 Karl-August Fagerholm
(1901–1984)
29 July
1948
17 March
1950
1 year, 232 days 1948 Social Democratic 32. Fagerholm I
SDP (minority)
21 Urho Kekkonen
(1900–1986)
17 March
1950
17 November
1953
3 years, 246 days Agrarian 33. Kekkonen I
MLRKPED (minority)
34. Kekkonen II
MLSDPRKPED
1951 35. Kekkonen III
MLSDPRKP
36. Kekkonen IV
MLRKP (minority)
22 Sakari Tuomioja
(1911–1964)
17 November
1953
5 May
1954
170 days Independent 37. Tuomioja
(caretaker)
23 Ralf Törngren
(1899–1961)
5 May
1954
20 October
1954
169 days 1954 Swedish People's 38. Törngren
SDPMLRKP
(21) Urho Kekkonen
(1900–1986)
20 October
1954
3 March
1956
1 year, 136 days Agrarian 39. Kekkonen V
MLSDP
(20) Karl-August Fagerholm
(1901–1984)
3 March
1956
27 May
1957
1 year, 86 days Social Democratic 40. Fagerholm II
SDPMLRKP
Urho Kekkonen
(1956–1982)
24 V. J. Sukselainen
(1906–1995)
27 May
1957
29 November
1957
187 days Agrarian 41. Sukselainen I
MLRKPSDPKPTPSL
25 Rainer von Fieandt
(1890–1972)
29 November
1957
26 April
1958
149 days Independent 42. von Fieandt
(caretaker)
26 Reino Kuuskoski
(1907–1965)
26 April
1958
29 August
1958
126 days Independent 43. Kuuskoski
(caretaker)
(20) Karl-August Fagerholm
(1901–1984)
29 August
1958
13 January
1959
138 days 1958 Social Democratic 44. Fagerholm III
SDPMLKOKRKPKP
(24) V. J. Sukselainen
(1906–1995)
13 January
1959
3 July
1961
2 years, 183 days Agrarian 45. Sukselainen II
MLRKP (minority)
Eemil Luukka
(1892–1970)
Interim Prime Minister
3 July
1961
14 July
1961
12 days Agrarian
27 Martti Miettunen
(1907–2002)
14 July
1961
13 April
1962
274 days Agrarian 46. Miettunen I
ML (minority)
28 Ahti Karjalainen
(1923–1990)
13 April
1962
18 December
1963
1 year, 250 days 1962 Agrarian 47. Karjalainen I
MLKOKRKPKPSDP
29 Reino Ragnar Lehto
(1898–1966)
18 December
1963
12 September
1964
270 days Independent 48. Lehto
(caretaker)
30 Johannes Virolainen
(1914–2000)
12 September
1964
27 May
1966
1 year, 258 days Agrarian 49. Virolainen
MLKOKRKPKP
31 Rafael Paasio
(1903–1980)
27 May
1966
22 March
1968
1 year, 301 days 1966 Social Democratic 50. Paasio I
SDPKESKSKDLTPSL
32 Mauno Koivisto
(1923–2017)
22 March
1968
14 May
1970
2 years, 54 days Social Democratic 51. Koivisto I
SDPKESKSKDLTPSLRKP
33 Teuvo Aura
(1912–1999)
14 May
1970
15 July
1970
63 days Independent 52. Aura I
(caretaker)
(28) Ahti Karjalainen
(1923–1990)
15 July
1970
29 October
1971
1 year, 107 days 1970 Centre 53. Karjalainen II
KESKSDPSKDLRKPLKP
(33) Teuvo Aura
(1912–1999)
29 October
1971
23 February
1972
118 days Independent 54. Aura II
(caretaker)
(31) Rafael Paasio
(1903–1980)
23 February
1972
4 September
1972
195 days 1972 Social Democratic 55. Paasio II
SDP (minority)
34 Kalevi Sorsa
(1930–2004)
4 September
1972
13 June
1975
2 years, 283 days Social Democratic 56. Sorsa I
SDPKESKRKPLKP
35 Keijo Liinamaa
(1929–1980)
13 June
1975
30 November
1975
171 days Independent 57. Liinamaa
(caretaker)
(27) Martti Miettunen
(1907–2002)
30 November
1975
15 May
1977
1 year, 167 days 1975 Centre 58. Miettunen II
KESKRKPLKP (minority)
59. Miettunen III
KESKRKPLKP
(34) Kalevi Sorsa
(1930–2004)
15 May
1977
26 May
1979
2 years, 12 days Social Democratic 60. Sorsa II
SDPKESKSKDLRKPLKP
(32) Mauno Koivisto
(1923–2017)
26 May
1979
27 October
1981
2 years, 155 days 1979 Social Democratic 61. Koivisto II
SDPKESKSKDLRKP
Eino Uusitalo
(1924–2015)
Interim Prime Minister
27 October
1981
19 February
1982
117 days Centre Mauno Koivisto
(1982–1994)
(34) Kalevi Sorsa
(1930–2004)
19 February
1982
30 April
1987
5 years, 71 days Social Democratic 62. Sorsa III
SDPKESKSKDLRKPLKP
1983 63. Sorsa IV
SDPKESKRKPSMP
36 Harri Holkeri
(1937–2011)
30 April
1987
26 April
1991
3 years, 362 days 1987 National Coalition 64. Holkeri
KOKSDPRKPSMP
37 Esko Aho
(born 1954)
26 April
1991
13 April
1995
3 years, 353 days 1991 Centre 65. Aho
KESKKOKRKPSKL
Martti Ahtisaari
(1994–2000)
38 Paavo Lipponen
(born 1941)
13 April
1995
17 April
2003
8 years, 5 days 1995 Social Democratic 66. Lipponen I
SDPKOKRKPVASVIHR
1999 67. Lipponen II
SDPKOKRKPVASVIHR
Tarja Halonen
(2000–2012)
39 Anneli Jäätteenmäki
(born 1955)
17 April
2003
24 June
2003
69 days 2003 Centre 68. Jäätteenmäki
KESKSDPRKP
40 Matti Vanhanen
(born 1955)
24 June
2003
22 June
2010
6 years, 364 days Centre 69. Vanhanen I
KESKSDPRKP
2007 70. Vanhanen II
KESKKOKRKPVIHR
41 Mari Kiviniemi
(born 1968)
22 June
2010
22 June
2011
1 year, 1 day Centre 71. Kiviniemi
KESKKOKRKPVIHR
42 Jyrki Katainen
(born 1971)
22 June
2011
24 June
2014
3 years, 3 days 2011 National Coalition 72. Katainen
KOKSDPRKPVASVIHRKD
Sauli Niinistö
(2012–2024)
43 Alexander Stubb
(born 1968)
24 June
2014
29 May
2015
340 days National Coalition 73. Stubb
KOKSDPRKPVIHRKD
44 Juha Sipilä
(born 1961)
29 May
2015
6 June
2019
4 years, 9 days 2015 Centre 74. Sipilä
KESKPSKOK
45 Antti Rinne
(born 1962)
6 June
2019
10 December
2019
188 days 2019 Social Democratic 75. Rinne
SDPKESKVIHRVASRKP
46 Sanna Marin
(born 1985)
10 December
2019
20 June
2023
3 years, 193 days Social Democratic 76. Marin
SDPKESKVIHRVASRKP
47 Petteri Orpo
(born 1969)
20 June
2023
Incumbent

1 year, 171 days

2023 National Coalition 77. Orpo
KOKPSRKPKD
Alexander Stubb
(since 2024)

Timeline

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Petteri OrpoSanna MarinAntti RinneJuha SipiläAlexander StubbJyrki KatainenMari KiviniemiMatti VanhanenAnneli JäätteenmäkiPaavo LipponenEsko AhoHarri HolkeriEino UusitaloKeijo LiinamaaKalevi SorsaTeuvo AuraMauno KoivistoRafael PaasioJohannes VirolainenReino Ragnar LehtoAhti KarjalainenMartti MiettunenEemil LuukkaReino KuuskoskiRainer von FieandtV. J. SukselainenRalf TörngrenSakari TuomiojaUrho KekkonenKarl-August FagerholmMauno PekkalaCarl EnckellUrho CastrénAntti HackzellEdwin LinkomiesJohan Wilhelm RangellRudolf WaldenRisto RytiRudolf HolstiToivo Mikael KivimäkiOskari MantereJuho SunilaVäinö TannerAntti TulenheimoKyösti KallioAimo CajanderRafael ErichJuho VennolaKaarlo CastrénLauri IngmanJuho Kusti PaasikiviPehr Evind Svinhufvud

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Finnish Council of State. "The Cabinet in Office". Finnish Council of State. Archived from the original on November 13, 2010. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  2. ^ "Juha Sipilän hallituksesta tulee kaikkien aikojen pitkäikäisin" (in Finnish). Ilta-Sanomat. 2019-04-09. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
  3. ^ "Governments in chronological order". Finnish government (Valtioneuvosto). Retrieved 27 March 2017.
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